Analysis Of Thomas Hobbes Leviathan - 1008 Words

English philosopher, Thomas Hobbes’, leviathan consists of three parts. The second part, titled â€Å"Of Commonwealth†, describes a government Hobbes refers to as the â€Å"leviathan†; which is simply defined as â€Å"something that is very large and powerful†. Biblically, â€Å"leviathan† is defined negatively, as a devilish sea monster. On the contrary, Hobbes uses the term to portray his version of the ideal government. Hobbes emphasizes the concept of human nature. He explains that there are both negative and positive natures. People crave power and wealth by nature; but, if people are free to act on these desires, a state can never acquire the protection necessary for peace. Peace, is a positive nature that encourages social contracts. These contracts will inevitably be breached if a government enables its citizens to act on their negative desires. The most essential right of nature is that of self-preservation. Self-preservation, or the abilit y for one to survive, is the core of human nature. Hobbes refers to self-preservation as a natural law that cannot be broken. It is detrimental for one to break this natural law. Hobbes uses this reasoning to describe the structure of leviathan: the artificial body that functions to govern a state. The leviathan’s body is ruled by a sovereign. The sovereign’s purpose is to protect the people from themselves. He enforces the social contract—keeping the peace—by suppressing his subjects’ natural desire for power. The Sovereign uses all the powerShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Thomas Hobbes s Leviathan 1087 Words   |  5 PagesThomas Hobbes (1588 - 1679) is one of the most important philosophers of the modern age. He was associated with the most advanced thinkers of his time, Galileo, Gassendi, and Descartes. He was the first thinker of modernity that, from a psychological and anthropological analysis, attempts to establish the need for the civil state (Collins 2013). This is the subject of his most famous political work Leviathan, which is a compendium of all his philosophical thoughts (Collins 2013). Hobbes makes observationsRead MoreAnalysis Of Thomas Hobbes s The Leviathan Essay1171 Words   |  5 Pagesused natural law to explain the aspects of humanity, it was these men’s ideas who were key to the era of Enlightenment and life beyond it. Born on April 5 1588, Thomas Hobbes came to be known as one of the greatest philosophers in the world. In his most famous work, the Leviathan, he sets forth his ideas on government and law. Thomas Hobbes believed that all humans were born with sin. He believed that all humans were evil, cruel, greedy, and selfish. Even though he thought we were naturally evil,Read MoreAnalysis Of Thomas Hobbes s Leviathan 2457 Words   |  10 Pages Laviathan, Thomas Hobbes most important work and one of the most substantial philosophical texts of the Seventeenth century, was written largely as a response to the political violence and turmoil of England’s civil wars. In Leviathan, Hobbes, using science and reason as a foundation, attempts to create a concrete and methodological solution for peace and political stability. In the context of a historically violent and fear stricken period in which Leviathan was written, it is logicalRead MoreAnalysis Of Thomas Hobbes s Leviathan 1268 Words   |  6 Pagesinterests under a common power. In Leviathan, Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury writes profoundly on the arrangement of legitimate government and the structure of society by calling to attention the constant vying for â€Å"power after power that ceaseth only in death† (Hobbes, 56). Through his depiction of human interactions, Hobbes claims that there is a perpetual longing for ease and protection, knowledge, and fame (Hobbes, 56-57). When desires are conflicting, Hobbes claims that there is fierce competitionRead MoreAnalysis Of Thomas Hobbes s Levia than 1622 Words   |  7 PagesIt could be argued that Thomas Hobbes’s claim in Leviathan that a person has no right to challenge his sovereign’s law or decision is flawed because such judgements should serve public good. Since the sovereign power’s authority to make laws or decisions has its source in its subjects, these judgements should reflect what subjects think to be good or evil, instead of prescribing how people should think. However, this argument does not take into account that although there are cases where people canRead MoreAnalysis Of Thomas Hobbes s Leviathan 1891 Words   |  8 PagesIn his book, Leviathan, Thomas Hobbes writes that human beings’ state of nature is one of constant war. He claims that man’s fundamental natural instinct is that of self-preservation, and that this leads to a violent, â€Å"every man for himself† sort of world in which there are no rules, no morals, and all persons have the freedom to do as th ey please. In other words: our state of nature is anarchy, rampant with chaos and conflict. The only viable alternative to this, Hobbes argues, is voluntary subjectionRead MoreSelf-Interest By Thomas Hobbes Leviathan Analysis1058 Words   |  5 Pagesthey should be. The chapter titled â€Å"Self-Interest† from Thomas Hobbes’ Leviathan is an evaluation of how man is given a problem with a solution connected to the creation of a civil society. He paints a chaotic, undesirable picture of what man’s natural state is before any type of government. This â€Å"state of nature† is described as â€Å"poor, nasty, brutish, and short†(Hobbes 143). It is how man is before any sovereign power is put in place. Hobbes offers a way to save man from this horrific war torn timeRead MoreAnalysis Of Thomas Hobbes s The Book Leviathan 1957 Words   |  8 PagesThomas Hobbes was a 17th century philosopher, who argued that human beings are fundamentally equal by nature, and we infer that humans live under the rule of absolute sovereign. â€Å"From that law of nature by which we are obliged to transfer to another such rights as, being retained, hinder the peace of mankind, there followeth a third, which is this that men perform their covenants made†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Hobbes 89). Hobbes tries to hold back peace, in order to make it seem like everyone is equal. This can createRead MoreAnalysis Of Thomas Hobbes Leviathan And Adam Smith s The Wealth Of Nations1852 Words   |  8 Pages Most important among the many big ideas in Thomas Hobbes’ Leviathan and Adam Smith’s The Wealth of Nations are those that deal with human nature and how to create and maintain social order. In this paper, I will argue Hobbes’ lack of optimism, and Smith’s lack of pessimism in their theories of human nature, and will also discuss how our idea of social order changes once these aspects are taken into consideration. Hobbes’ theory of human nature begins with the statement that all men are createdRead MoreDo Metaphors Really Matter?1208 Words   |  5 PagesDo metaphors really matter? : An analysis of the use of metaphors in rhetoric Introduction Josà © Ortega y Gasset, a renowned philosopher once wrote: â€Å"The metaphor is probably the most fertile power possessed by man†. Metaphors form a pervasive part of rhetoric, because they have a great influence of our cognitive process. (Pauley, 2014) The use of metaphors in rhetoric is very common; as metaphors have the power to make people act despite the ideologies that are being put forth. In this essay, the

Religious Freedom in the Workplace - 640 Words

The United States is one of the most culturally and religiously diverse countries in the world. The founding fathers of the United States wanted to ensure that its people would have the ability to practice their religion with no threat of persecution. In order to accomplish the goal of religious freedom and continue to ensure that all people of any religion would be free to practice their religion, the United States passed Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 that prohibits an employer from discriminating based on the religious views of its employees. As the citizens of the United States spend a large amount of time in their places of employment, religious practices that these employees feel are necessary for the true observance of their religion must be accommodated by the employers. This law contends that in cases where the accommodation of religious practices of its employees does not create undue hardships, an employer must make reasonable accommodations for employees to p ractices the beliefs of their religion. As the demographics of the United States continues to change with more religiously diverse people immigrating to the country, employers are coming under more pressure to ensure they are taking all possible precautions to accommodate the religious practices of its employees. These precautions are important as the once an employee has established a bona fide complaint of religious discrimination, the burden of proof then falls on the employer to prove theyShow MoreRelatedReligious Freedom in the Workplace Essay669 Words   |  3 PagesAtheism is not considered a religion, but a religious belief. One could argue in the workplace that you are not breaking any boundaries. However, if you are forcing religion on someone then a line has been crossed. According to Brierton (1992) he states that, â€Å"the owners of Townley Engineering required all employees to attend weekly nondenominational devotional services. Employees were paid to attend and we re required to sign a statement agreeing to follow all employee handbook policies of whichRead MoreEthics And Ethics Of Religion1574 Words   |  7 PagesIf you pick up a paper or magazine today most of the articles contain topics involving religion in the workplace or religion in the US military. It is hard for any Air Force member to go throughout their career without having to deal with religion in the workplace as a trending topic. â€Å"After entering the 21st century religion in the workplace has impacted not only schools, most major cooperation’s† (Ludolph, R. C., Wolfe, A. A. (2013) , but the United States military across all the branches ofRead MoreMidterm 1 Sample Multiple Choice Questions Essay1260 Words   |  6 Pagesreverse discrimination; d) Women and visible minorities are given equal opportunity in the workplace through programs designed to increase diversity; e) Both (a) and (d); 2. Which of the following protections under the Quebec Charter could be used to argue that Capital punishment (the death penalty) should be declared illegal: a) Every person has the right to life; b) Every person has the right to freedom; c) It is not a reasonable limit on our rights in a free and democratic society; d) We areRead MoreThe Civil Rights Act Of 19641581 Words   |  7 Pages state laws vary greatly in terms of accommodations in the workplace and the protection they provide to employees. These laws may vary greatly from state to state and many extend similar protections to groups that are not covered by federal laws. These rules place significant regulations on how employers can make decisions on hiring and other terms of employment but many factors affect this complex issue. Nepotism occurs in the workplace when employers make decisions based on familial relation andRead MoreThe Rights Of Transgender Teenagers1667 Words   |  7 Pagesmental state it puts teens in (â€Å"#BornPerfect†). This can become a huge problem for teens trying to discover who they are when their parents are against them and openly choose to try and change their children. Many members of the population find religious views on transgenderism to be old fashioned and out of date. Many religions feel that transgenderism is sinful and is the reason for many of the world problems including storms, earthquakes and other disasters (Hall). How do you even reason withRead MoreThe Workplace And The Ethical Issues Of The Civil Rights Act Of 1964 Essay1504 Words   |  7 PagesReligion in the workplace can introduce some of the most challenging concerns employers have to tackle. Solving these issues involves an understanding of the law as well as attempting to balance the business s needs with an employee s desire to practice his or her religion. One of the most controversial conflicts when dealing with religion in the workplace is between an employee s desire to take time off to acknowledge religious days or holidays and the potential reduction in productivity andRead MoreEmployment Law Case Studies968 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Employment Law 1. Human resource dilemma number three regarding Hillsdale bank represents a classic example of religious discrimination. According to the official website of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), religious discrimination involves treating someone unfairly as a result of their religious practices (eeoc.gov/laws). In this example, however, there is a clear religious intolerance present, as clearly Hillsdale bank had no problem representing both Christianity and Judaism byRead MoreThe Act Of Treating Or Considering Or Making A Difference1486 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"all aspect of religious observance and practice, as well as belief, unless an employer demonstrates that he is unable to reasonably accommodate to an employee’s or prospective employee’s religious observance or practice without undue hardship on the conduct of the employer’s business*†. The definition is the guideline to state that employer is prohibited to use religious observ ance or practices against them and they should reasonably accommodate the employee because of the religious practices, withoutRead MoreEssay about The Equal Opportunity Employer Law and Discrimination1511 Words   |  7 Pageswho happened to be Islamic. In that case it is unfair, because not all Islamic religions support killing, and suicide bombing. The first amendment gives everyone the freedom of religion, expression, and speech. However, many individuals are discriminated against in the workplace because of their religious beliefs. If a persons religious beliefs has nothing to do with their work ethic, why is it considered an issue? During, and after 9/11 Muslims became the butt end of all jokes on tonight shows, andRead MoreReligion in the Workplace Essay578 Words   |  3 Pages2013 Week 3 Assignment Rough Draft Religion in the Workplace When one begins to talk about religion, everyone tends to be quite. Religion has and will always be a controversial subject to address. In society today with so many different religions available to practice one should not be attacked or treated differently for their religious beliefs when they enter the workforce. Under the First Amendment, Americans enjoy two freedoms with respect to religion: the right to be free

Sex’ vs ‘Sexuality Free Essays

Assembling an Understanding of ‘Sex’ Verses ‘Sexuality’ â€Å"Biologists and psychologists who have accepted the doctrine that the only natural function of sex is reproduction have simply ignored the existence of sexual activity which is not reproductive† Alfred Kinsey (The Invention of Sexuality 40) The terms ‘sex’ and ‘sexuality’ have not always had a clear differentiation, but as the study of sexuality (sexology) has continued and become more commonly studied and recognized, these terms have adapted their own definitions. However, each does not have a perfect definition, because people will have their own opinions regarding the terms. The above quote by a historian of sex was interesting to me because it brings up the aspect of biology within the understanding of the terms ‘sex’ and ‘sexuality’. We will write a custom essay sample on Sex’ vs ‘Sexuality or any similar topic only for you Order Now My personal idea, or understanding, is that ‘sex’ constitutes the more biological side— ones physical features, gender, reproduction (‘sex’ is also the abbreviation for sexual intercourse); and the term ‘sexuality’ makes up everything else that surrounds an individual’s definition of their sexual identity, orientation, and feelings. When reading articles online, I came across this quote: â€Å"sexuality is about who or what you are attracted to, not where you put your dick† (bitheway), which I found to be a very blunt but interesting way to think about what constitutes ‘sexuality’. â€Å"Where you put your †¦Ã¢â‚¬  is your personal preference, but that preference is a compilation of the aspects of one’s personal world and how they have come to define and understand their individual inclination. All of the parts that are compiled in order to form ones individual definition are aspects of ‘sexuality’ within our culture. Another page online gives definitions for ‘sex’ and ‘sexuality’ that I have found to be the most clear and complete: Sex refers to whether or not a person is male or female, whether a person has a penis or vagina. Sexuality refers to the total expression of who you are as a human being, your femaleness or your maleness†¦ Your sexuality is an interplay between body image, gender identity, gender role, sexual orientation, eroticism, genitals, intimacy, relationships, and love and affection†¦ includes his or her attitudes, values, knowledge and behaviors. How people express their sexuality is influenced by their families, culture, society, faith and beliefs. (Sex and Sexuality: Understanding the Differences) The influence from all aspects of our lives that guide us to define our sexuality is a major component in sexology. The italicized words in the definition above are some I think are very significant in understanding what constitutes ‘sexuality’. Since the study of sex started to dramatically change, there has been more understanding within so many topics of sexuality, such as gender (roles and variance), marriage and the family, homosexuality, heterosexuality, bisexuality, intersex, trans-gender/sex/vestite, evolution of sexual identities, legal and medical regulation, religious roles/codes, phallocentricism, women’s bodies and health, illegitimacy, â€Å"and the importance of social networks and oppositional sexualities† (The Invention of Sexuality 39). This is only the first week that I have studied sexuality and culture in an educational environment, and after enjoying many sources of new material I have begun to compile my own understanding of ‘sex’ and ‘sexuality’, which is just the beginning of my learning on the subject. One of the most important aspects to take away from these introductory lessons is how grand of a role society and culture have on sexuality. It is so important to be aware of and take into account culture’s influence on sexuality now and within the history of sex. In our US society (and this is a generalization) some vital influences are class, race/ethnicity, gender, age, family history and how one was raised, physical ability, religion and region. Now that I have collected a better understanding of ‘sex’ and ‘sexuality’ as educational terms, I can further my knowledge of everything that makes up sexuality within cultures around the world. Bitheway. Sex Verses Sexuality. Bi The Way: An exploration of Male Bisexuality. 6 May 2008. http://www. bitheway. co. uk/2008/05/06/sex-versus-sexuality/. Sex and Sexuality: Understanding the Differences (Learning Activity). RECAPP 2007-2009. http://www. etr. org/recapp/index. cfm? fuseaction=pages. LearningActivitiesDeta ilPageID=167 The Invention of Sexuality. Sexual Lives: A Reader on the Theories and Realities of Human Sexualities. McGraw-Hill, 2003. How to cite Sex’ vs ‘Sexuality, Essay examples

The New F-Word free essay sample

Pink is for girls; blue is for boys. Dolls and tea sets are for girls. Toy soldiers and sports are for boys. Girls can believe in unicorns and in rainbows—and that one day they themselves will be princesses like in the fairy tales. But can a boy believe any thing alike? No. He can’t believe the same thing. If a girl fiddles with a boy’s plaything, she’s generalized as a tomboy; but a boy who plays with a girl’s toy or dreams the fantasies she believes as realties is a homo. The word itself is so cold†¦hollow†¦and damning that is seems to send you straight to Hell once the word attaches itself to you. Anyone outside the â€Å"norm† is victimized with the word, gays and non-gays alike. When I was younger, I loved playing outside with all the neighborhood boys: playing soccer, laughing, running, riding our bikes. We will write a custom essay sample on The New F-Word or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page But I was never any good at any sport; yet no one seemed to mind. When we’d laugh, we’d laugh together; never at each other. That is until one boy started pointing out my flaws: my clothes, my high-pitched voice, my stupid hairstyle, my stance—my hands almost always on my hips—and my thoughts and ideas. I didn’t mind it at all, at first; until every thing I would do was â€Å"so gay† to him and everyone else that I was always self-conscious around them any time I did any thing or ever spoke. And I’d think at night, restless, am I gay because he said so? Or am I gay because I’m not like all the other boys? Eventually, he called me homo any time we were around each other, and no one bothered to stop him; instead, they’d all laugh even harder than the previous times. It hurt knowing that I once was someone else to these boys that I loved being around; then one word, uttered too easily by any lips, made me a pariah. I was an outcast among my own kind, all because one person decided I wasn’t similar to everyone else enough for his own taste. To them, I wasn’t a homo because I did or did not like boys; I was a homo because I was slightly different—and because he knew well in his mind and heart that â€Å"you’re such a fag† wounds much more than â€Å"you’re so gay†. To society, fags aren’t solely gays; fags encompass a group of people outside the â€Å"norm,† regardless to what degree. I shut all of those boys out of my life. Nonetheless, their ridicule rattles me at times, even though it was years ago since we last hung out together. I’ll admit: I’m scared that I’m a homo not because of who I like, but I’m a fag based on how I look and behave. As for â€Å"happily ever afters†, I dare to dream them, but, I know, some kid somewhere else doesn’t believe in them lest he be labeled a homo.